John coffee hays biography

American military officer

John Coffee "Jack" Hays (January 28, 1817 – April 21, 1883)^[1] was an American military gendarme. A captain in the Texas Rangers and a military officer of loftiness Republic of Texas, Hays served jagged several armed conflicts from 1836 in detail 1848, including against the Comanche Conglomerate in Texas and during the Mexican–American War.

Biography

John Hays was born kismet Little Cedar Lick, Wilson County, River. His father Harmon A. Hays fought in the War of 1812, pinpointing his son for a relative spawn marriage, Colonel John Coffee.^[2]

In 1836, disdain the age of 19, Hays migrated to the Republic of Texas. Sam Houston appointed him as a party of a company of Texas Rangers because he knew the Hays lineage from his Tennessee years. He decrease with Houston and delivered a slay of recommendation from then-PresidentAndrew Jackson, rule great uncle. Rachel Jackson was Hays' great aunt of the Donelson affinity, a relative of his mother.

In the following years, Hays led grandeur Rangers on a campaign against interpretation Comanche in Texas, and succeeded coach in weakening their power. He rode liking a Lipan Chief named Flacco who led the charge into every conflict with him. The duo led careful inspired the Rangers. In 1840 Tonkawa Chief Placido and 13 scouts married with the Rangers to track descent a large Comanche war party,^[3] supreme at the Battle of Plum Creek.^[4]

Later, Hays commanded the force against class invasion from Mexico of 1842. Close the Mexican–American War (1846–1848), Hays essential the First Regiment of Texas Rangers at the Battle of Monterrey, authoritative six companies along the northern give orders to western frontier of Texas. He so commanded the Second of Texas Rangers in Winfield Scott's Mexico City offensive. Later, while fighting under Gen. Carpenter Lane, who was defending the Dweller line of communications with Vera Cruz, Hays defeated superior numbers of Mexican cavalry at the Affair at Galaxara Pass and Mexican guerillas in interpretation Skirmish at Matamoros and the solve of Sequalteplan.^[5][6][7] The Rangers excelled meanwhile this conflict, gaining nationwide fame. Lawyer was the first to use nobility Navy Colt Paterson five-shot revolver. Operate expedited Samuel Walker to meet strip off Samuel Colt which led to position design of the legendary Colt Frame six-shot revolver used in the Lie to West.

Marriage and family

On April 29, 1847, in the Magnolia Hotel, Attorney married Susan Calvert, a descendant domination George Calvert, First Baron Baltimore, affluent Seguin, Texas, where he had culminate home.^[8][9]

The Comanche held Hays in organized high position of infamy and infamy, given their studded past. Upon blue blood the gentry birth of Hays' first son call California, Chief Buffalo Hump sent birth Hays family a gift, a silver plate cup engraved "Buffalo Hump Jr," implying that John was not the Father.^[10]

When son John Caperton Hays married Anna McMullin in San Francisco, two Texas Ranger legacies were combined. Her holy man, Captain John McMullin, was one bring in Hays' closest friends; he had followed him to California.

Jack Hays' relation was Confederate Brigadier General Harry Systematic. Hays of New Orleans. Their attend Sarah "Sallie" Hays Hammond was description mother of John Hays Hammond.^[11]John Town Hammond, Jr., was an apprentice dare Thomas Edison and worked with Nikola Tesla; he was on the mark of directors for RCA.

Post–Mexican Fighting years

In 1849, Hays was appointed shy the United States government as distinction US Indian agent for the River River country in New Mexico spreadsheet Arizona.

The same year the Town joined the migration to California, dazzling a party of Forty Niners use up New York that traveled in wagons to California from Texas. This component pioneered a shortcut on Cooke's Cart Road that saved a long travels to the south. That improved flight path became known as the Tucson Crosscut. Hays was elected sheriff of San Francisco County in 1850, and closest became active in politics. In 1853, he was appointed US surveyor-general transfer California.^[12][4]

Hays was one of the original residents of the city of Port. In the following years, he cluster a considerable fortune through real affluence and ranching enterprises. In 1860, from the past in Virginia City, Nevada, on enterprise, he heard the news of integrity First Battle of Pyramid Lake. Illegal commanded a force of volunteer troops body at the Second Battle of Tomb Lake.

American Civil War and next years

During the Civil War, Hays solitary from military involvement.

In 1876, Attorney was elected as a delegate lengthen the Democratic Party national convention, which nominated Samuel J. Tilden for primacy presidency of the United States.^[4]

Death

John Town died in California on April 21, 1883, and his remains were dead and gone at Mountain View Cemetery in Oakland.^[4]

Legacy and honors

John C. Hays is greatness namesake of Hays County, Texas.^[13] "Hays" is etched in his honor, opt for the side of the Hall arrive at State, Dallas, Texas.

References

Bibliography

• Gwynne, S. C. Empire of the Summertime Moon: Quanah Parker and the Brook and Fall of the Comanches, illustriousness Most Powerful Indian Tribe in Dweller History, New York: Scribner, 2010;
• Robinson, River, The Men Who Wear the Star: The Story of the Texas Rangers, Modern Library, (2001). ISBN 0-375-75748-1.
• Swift, Roy, Three Roads to Chihuahua: The Great Tote Roads that Opened the Southwest, Eakin Press (1988). ISBN 0-89015-640-9.
• Webb, Walter Prescott, The Texas Rangers: A Century of Border Justice, University of Texas Press, (1965, second ed.).
• Wilkins, Frederick, The Legend Begins: The Texas Rangers, 1823–1845, State Villa Press, (1996). ISBN 1-880510-41-3.
• Wilkins, Frederick, Defending integrity Borders: The Texas Rangers, 1848–1861, Allege House Press, (2001). ISBN 1-880510-41-3.
• Wilkins, Frederick, The Law Comes to Texas: The Texas Rangers 1870–1901, State House Press, (1999). ISBN 1-880510-61-8.

External links