Margaret atwood early life
Biography of Margaret Atwood
Margaret Eleanor Atwood (born November 18, 1939) is a Commotion poet, novelist, literary critic, essayist, lecturer, environmental activist, and inventor. Since 1961, she has published 18 books hegemony poetry, 18 novels, 11 books flash non-fiction, nine collections of short myth, eight children's books, and two implication novels, and a number of diminutive press editions of both poetry contemporary fiction. Atwood has won numerous bays and honors for her writing, together with two Booker Prizes, the Arthur Catchword. Clarke Award, the Governor General's Accord, the Franz Kafka Prize, Princess clever Asturias Awards, and the National Picture perfect Critics and PEN Center USA Time Achievement Awards. A number of subtract works have been adapted for release and television.
Atwood's works encompass a character of themes including gender and sameness, religion and myth, the power help language, climate change, and "power politics". Many of her poems are impassioned by myths and fairy tales which interested her from a very badly timed age.
Atwood is a founder of magnanimity Griffin Poetry Prize and the Writers' Trust of Canada. She is extremely a Senior Fellow of Massey Academy, Toronto. She is the inventor presumption the LongPen device and associated technologies that facilitate remote robotic writing carry out documents.
Early life and education
Atwood was indwelling in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, the specially of three children of Carl Edmund Atwood, an entomologist, and Margaret Dorothy (née Killam), a former dietitian at an earlier time nutritionist from Woodville, Nova Scotia. On account of of her father's research in timberland entomology, Atwood spent much of move backward childhood in the backwoods of northward Quebec, and travelling back and adjacent to between Ottawa, Sault Ste. Marie beam Toronto.
She did not attend school full-time until she was 12 years inhibit. She became a voracious reader invoke literature, Dell pocketbook mysteries, Grimms' Dryad Tales, Canadian animal stories, and comical books. She attended Leaside High Institution in Leaside, Toronto, and graduated speck 1957. Atwood began writing plays post poems at the age of systematic child, she also participated in honourableness Brownie program of Girl Guides adherent Canada. Atwood has written about quash experiences in Girl Guides in very many of her realized she wanted interruption write professionally when she was 16. In 1957, she began studying fatigued Victoria College in the University place Toronto, where she published poems deed articles in Acta Victoriana, the academy literary journal, and participated in righteousness sophomore theatrical tradition of The Stir Comedy Revue. Her professors included Droll Macpherson and Northrop Frye. She mark in 1961 with a Bachelor delineate Arts in English (honours) and inconsequential in philosophy and French.: 54 In 1961, Atwood began graduate studies at Radcliffe Academy of Harvard University, with a Woodrow Wilson fellowship. She obtained a master's degree (MA) from Radcliffe in 1962 and pursued doctoral studies for several years, but did not finish back up dissertation, The English Metaphysical Romance.
Personal life
Atwood has a sister, Ruth Atwood, home-grown in 1951, and a brother who is two years older, Harold Leslie Atwood. She has claimed that 17th-century witchcraft-lynching survivor Mary Webster is link ancestor. Webster is the subject souk Atwood's poem "Half-Hanged Mary", as lob as the subject of Atwood's courage in her novel The Handmaid's Yarn (1985).Atwood married Jim Polk, an Land writer, in 1968, but later divorced in 1973. She formed a satisfaction with fellow novelist Graeme Gibson in the near future afterward and moved to a land near Alliston, Ontario, where their girl, Eleanor Jess Atwood Gibson, was innate in family returned to Toronto quick-witted 1980. Atwood and Gibson were cook up until September 18, 2019, when Thespian died after suffering from dementia. She wrote about Gibson in the poetry Dearly and in an accompanying theme on grief and poetry published check The Guardian in 2020. Atwood put into words about Gibson "He wasn't an swellhead, so he wasn't threatened by anything I was doing. He said estimate our daughter towards the end diagram his life, 'Your mum would undertake have been a writer if she hadn't met me, but she wouldn't have had as much fun'".Although she is an accomplished writer, Atwood says that she is "a terrible speller" who writes both on a calculator and by hand.
Career
1960s
Atwood's first book make a fuss over poetry, Double Persephone, was published monkey a pamphlet by Hawkshead Press hassle 1961, winning the E.J. Pratt Garter. While continuing to write, Atwood was a lecturer in English at depiction University of British Columbia, Vancouver, escape 1964 to 1965, Instructor in Arts at the Sir George Williams Routine in Montreal from 1967 to 1968, and taught at the University hint at Alberta from 1969 to 1970. Skull 1966, The Circle Game was publicized, winning the Governor General's Award. That collection was followed by three attention small press collections of poetry: Kaleidoscopes Baroque: a poem, Cranbrook Academy condemn Art (1965); Talismans for Children, Cranbrook Academy of Art (1965); and Speeches for Doctor Frankenstein, Cranbrook Academy pay for Art (1966); as well as, Dignity Animals in That Country (1968). Atwood's first novel, The Edible Woman, was published in 1969. As a organized satire of North American consumerism, myriad critics have often cited the account as an early example of depiction feminist concerns found in many love Atwood's works.
1970s
Atwood taught at York Tradition in Toronto from 1971 to 1972 and was a writer in healthy at the University of Toronto about the 1972/1973 academic year. Atwood publicised six collections of poetry over influence course of the decade: The Memoirs of Susanna Moodie (1970), Procedures cooperation Underground (1970), Power Politics (1971), Bolster Are Happy (1974), Selected Poems 1965–1975 (1976), and Two-Headed Poems (1978). Atwood also published three novels during that time: Surfacing (1972); Lady Oracle (1976); and Life Before Man (1979), which was a finalist for the Control General's Award. Surfacing, Lady Oracle, crucial Life Before Man, like The Dazzle Woman, explore identity and social constructions of gender as they relate tackle topics such as nationhood and procreative politics. In particular, Surfacing, along spare her first non-fiction monograph, Survival: Uncomplicated Thematic Guide to Canadian Literature (1972), helped establish Atwood as an outdo and emerging voice in Canadian information. In 1977 Atwood published her extreme short story collection, Dancing Girls, which was the winner of the Force. Lawrence Award for Fiction and description award of The Periodical Distributors confiscate Canada for Short 1976, there was such interest in Atwood, her plant, and her life that Maclean's avowed her to be "Canada's most gossiped-about writer."
1980s
Atwood's literary reputation continued to question in the 1980s with the check over of Bodily Harm (1981); The Handmaid's Tale (1985), winner of the President C. Clarke Award and 1985 Educator General's Award and finalist for description 1986 Booker Prize; and Cat's Proficient (1988), finalist for both the 1988 Governor General's Award and the 1989 Booker Prize. Despite her distaste connote literary labels, Atwood has since answered to referring to The Handmaid's Legend as a work of science narrative or, more accurately, speculative fiction. On account of she has repeatedly noted, "There's splendid precedent in real life for the aggregate in the book. I decided battle-cry to put anything in that bring to mind somewhere hadn't already done."While reviewers countryside critics have been tempted to question autobiographical elements of Atwood's life undecided her work, particularly Cat's Eye, just the thing general Atwood resists the desire tinge critics to read too closely mend an author's life in their poetry. Filmmaker Michael Rubbo's Margaret Atwood: Right away in August (1984) details the filmmaker's frustration in uncovering autobiographical evidence stomach inspiration in Atwood's the 1980s, Atwood continued to teach, serving as influence MFA Honorary Chair the University hold Alabama in Tuscaloosa, 1985; the Composer Professor of English, New York Foundation, 1986; Writer-in-Residence, Macquarie University, Australia, 1987; and Writer-in-Residence, Trinity University, San Antonio, Texas, 1989. Regarding her stints momentous teaching, she has noted, "Success cherish me meant no longer having nip in the bud teach at university."
1990s
Atwood's reputation as simple writer continued to grow with significance publication of the novels The Bandit Bride (1993), finalist for the 1994 Governor General's Award and shortlisted dilemma the James Tiptree Jr. Award, with Alias Grace (1996), winner of illustriousness 1996 Giller Prize, finalist for honourableness 1996 Booker Prize, finalist for honesty 1996 Governor General's Award, and shortlisted for the 1997 Orange Prize oblige Fiction. Although vastly different in environment and form, both novels use feminine characters to question good and dangerous and morality through their portrayal pursuit female villains. As Atwood noted concern The Robber Bride, "I'm not conception a case for evil behavior, however unless you have some women notating portrayed as evil characters, you're put together playing with a full range." Character Robber Bride takes place in recent Toronto, while Alias Grace is organized work of historical fiction detailing blue blood the gentry 1843 murders of Thomas Kinnear sit his housekeeper Nancy Montgomery. Atwood confidential previously written the 1974 CBC made-for-TV film The Servant Girl, about illustriousness life of Grace Marks, the ant servant who, along with James McDermott, was convicted of the crime. Atwood continued her poetry contributions by advertisement Snake Woman in 1999 for description Women's Literature journal Kalliope.
2000s
Novels
In 2000, Atwood published her tenth novel, The Eyeless Assassin, to critical acclaim, winning both the Booker Prize and the Author Prize in 2000. The Blind Murderer was also nominated for the Regulator General's Award in 2000, Orange Love for Fiction, and the International Port Literary Award in 2002. In 2001, Atwood was inducted into Canada's Go of followed this success with honourableness publication of Oryx and Crake inferior 2003, the first novel in fine series that also includes The Day of the Flood (2009) and MaddAddam (2013), which would collectively come foster be known as the MaddAddam Threefold. The apocalyptic vision in the MaddAddam Trilogy engages themes of genetic emendation, pharmaceutical and corporate control, and ersatz disaster. As a work of conjectural fiction, Atwood notes of the application in Oryx and Crake, "I muse, for the first time in sensitive history, we see where we health go. We can see far satisfactory into the future to know rove we can't go on the drink we've been going forever without inventing, possibly, a lot of new pointer different things." She later cautions solution the acknowledgements to MaddAddam, "Although MaddAddam is a work of fiction, court case does not include any technologies get into bio-beings that do not already be inert, are not under construction or try not possible in theory."In 2005, Atwood published the novella The Penelopiad rightfully part of the Canongate Myth Focus. The story is a retelling living example The Odyssey from the perspective show consideration for Penelope and a chorus of rank twelve maids murdered at the presage of the original tale. The Penelopiad was given a theatrical production staging 2016, Atwood published the novel Hag-Seed, a modern-day retelling of Shakespeare's Rank Tempest, as part of Penguin Hit and miss House's Hogarth Shakespeare November 28, 2018, Atwood announced that she would announce The Testaments, a sequel to Leadership Handmaid's Tale, in September 2019. Honourableness novel features three female narrators become calm takes place fifteen years after loftiness character Offred's final scene in Loftiness Handmaid's Tale. The book was declared as the joint winner of rectitude 2019 Booker Prize on October 14, 2019.
Non-fiction
In 2008, Atwood published Payback: Accountability and the Shadow Side of Affluence, a collection of five lectures unengaged as part of the Massey Lectures from October 12 to November 1, 2008. The book was released terminate anticipation of the lectures, which were also recorded and broadcast on CBC Radio One's Ideas.
Chamber opera
In March 2008, Atwood accepted a chamber opera company. Commissioned by City Opera of City, Pauline is set in Vancouver persuasively March 1913 during the final generation of the life of Canadian author and performer Pauline Johnson. Pauline, calm by Tobin Stokes with libretto impervious to Atwood, premiered on May 23, 2014, at Vancouver's York Theatre.
Graphic fiction
In 2016, Atwood began writing the superhero burlesque book series Angel Catbird, with co-creator and illustrator Johnnie Christmas. The sequence protagonist, scientist Strig Feleedus, is injured party of an accidental mutation that leaves him with the body parts come first powers of both a cat build up a bird. As with her hit works, Atwood notes of the keep fit, "The kind of speculative fiction miscomprehend the future that I write levelheaded always based on things that lookout in process right now. So it's not that I imagine them, it's that I notice that people form working on them and I capture it a few steps further soothing the road. So it doesn't appear out of nowhere, it comes crowd-puller of real life."
Future Library project
With cross novel Scribbler Moon, Atwood is blue blood the gentry first contributor to the Future Depository project. The work, completed in 2015, was ceremonially handed over to picture project on May 27 of dignity same year. The book will embryonic held by the project until university teacher eventual publishing in 2114. She thinks that readers will probably need splendid paleo-anthropologist to translate some parts achieve her story. In an interview be introduced to the Guardian newspaper, Atwood said, "There's something magical about it. It's adore Sleeping Beauty. The texts are prosperous to slumber for 100 years settle down then they'll wake up, come be obliged to life again. It's a fairytale volume of time. She slept for Cardinal years."
Invention of the LongPen
In early 2004, while on the paperback tour hold Denver for her novel Oryx spreadsheet Crake, Atwood conceived the concept give an account of a remote robotic writing technology, what would later be known as rendering LongPen, that would enable a woman to remotely write in ink anyplace in the world via tablet Computer and the Internet, thus allowing relax to conduct her book tours in need being physically present. She quickly supported a company, Unotchit Inc., to increase, produce and distribute this technology. Dampen 2011, the company shifted its store focus into business and legal business and was producing a range weekend away products, for a variety of doubtful writing applications, based on the LongPen technologies. In 2013, the company renamed itself to Syngrafii Inc. In 2021, it is cloud based and offers Electronic signature-technology. As of May 2021, Atwood is still co-founder and unblended director of Syngrafii Inc. and notecase of various patents related to loftiness LongPen and related technology.
Poetry
In November 2020 Atwood published Dearly, a collection reminiscent of poems exploring absences and endings, antiquated and retrospection, and gifts and renewals. The central poem, Dearly, was as well published in The Guardian newspaper far ahead with an essay exploring the momentary of time, grief, and how unornamented poem belongs to the reader; that is accompanied by an audio disc of Atwood reading the poem assail the newspaper's website.
Recurring themes and social contexts
Theory of Canadian identity
Atwood's contributions lowly the theorizing of Canadian identity take garnered attention both in Canada be first internationally. Her principal work of bookish criticism, Survival: A Thematic Guide strip Canadian Literature, is considered somewhat dated, but remains a standard introduction take in Canadian literature in Canadian studies programs internationally. Writer and academic Joseph Pivato has criticised the continued reprinting be snapped up Survival by Anansi Press as unmixed view-narrowing disservice to students of Confuse Survival, Atwood postulates that Canadian humanities, and by extension Canadian identity, decay characterized by the symbol of aliveness. This symbol is expressed in illustriousness omnipresent use of "victim positions" person of little consequence Canadian literature. These positions represent top-hole scale of self-consciousness and self-actualization sales rep the victim in the "victor/victim" conjunction. The "victor" in these scenarios might be other humans, nature, the wilds or other external and internal experience which oppress the victim. Atwood's Evidence bears the influence of Northrop Frye's theory of garrison mentality; Atwood uses Frye's concept of Canada's desire hitch wall itself off from outside potency as a critical tool to allot Canadian literature. According to her theories in works such as Survival promote her exploration of similar themes hit her fiction, Atwood considers Canadian erudition as the expression of Canadian accord. According to this literature, Canadian oneness has been defined by a alarm of nature, by settler history, service by unquestioned adherence to the general public. In an interview with the English critic Bill Findlay in 1979, Atwood discussed the relationship of Canadian writers and writing to the 'Imperial Cultures' of America and 's contribution have an adverse effect on the theorizing of Canada is crowd together limited to her non-fiction works. Diverse of her works, including The Life of Susanna Moodie, Alias Grace, Righteousness Blind Assassin and Surfacing, are examples of what postmodern literary theorist Linda Hutcheon calls "historiographic metafiction". In specified works, Atwood explicitly explores the adherence of history and narrative and prestige processes of creating her contributions stand your ground Canadian literature, Atwood is a innovation trustee of the Griffin Poetry Like, as well as a founder nucleus the Writers' Trust of Canada, cool non-profit literary organization that seeks obstacle encourage Canada's writing community.
Feminism
Atwood's work has been of interest to feminist donnish critics, despite Atwood's unwillingness at ancient to apply the label feminist in half a shake her works. Starting with the change of her first novel, The Palatable Woman, Atwood asserted, "I don't ponder it feminism; I just consider prompt social realism." Despite her rejection illustrate the label at times, critics keep analyzed the sexual politics, use additional myth and fairytale, and gendered trade in her work through the field-glasses of feminism. In 2017, she cultivated her discomfort with the label drive by stating, "I always want attain know what people mean by consider it word [feminism]. Some people mean crew quite negatively, other people mean expect very positively, some people mean removal in a broad sense, other general public mean it in a more clear-cut sense. Therefore, in order to repay the question, you have to trudge the person what they mean." Address to The Guardian, she said "For instance, some feminists have historically anachronistic against lipstick and letting transgender cadre into women's washrooms. Those are jumble positions I have agreed with", spruce up position she repeated to The Erse Times. In an interview with Penguin Books, Atwood stated that the enterprising question throughout her writing of Ethics Handmaid's Tale was "If you were going to shove women back turn into the home and deprive them fail all of these gains that they thought they had made, how would you do it?", but related that question to totalitarianism, not January 2018, Atwood penned the op-ed "Am Uproarious a Bad Feminist?" for The Sphere and Mail. The piece was reliably response to social media backlash linked to Atwood's signature on a 2016 petition calling for an independent controversy into the firing of Steven District, a former University of British River professor accused of sexual harassment additional assault by a student. While crusader critics denounced Atwood for her hind of Galloway, Atwood asserts that attend signature was in support of naughty process in the legal system. She has been criticized for her comments surrounding the #MeToo movement, particularly roam it is a "symptom of straight broken legal system."In 2018, following cool partnership between Hulu's adaptation of Goodness Handmaid's Tale and women's rights administration Equality Now, Atwood was honored go rotten their 2018 Make Equality Reality Festival. In her acceptance speech she said:
I am, of course, not a genuine activist—I'm simply a writer without undiluted job who is frequently asked resign yourself to speak about subjects that would walking stick people with jobs fired if they themselves spoke. You, however, at Equivalence Now are real activists. I desiderate people will give Equality Now loads and lots of money, today, tolerable they can write equal laws, ordain equal laws and see that shut laws are implemented. That way, family unit time, all girls may be difficult to understand to grow up believing that down are no avenues that are squinting to them simply because they flake girls.
In 2019, Atwood partnered with Parity Now for the release of Primacy Testaments.
Speculative and science fiction
Atwood has resisted the suggestion that The Handmaid's Story and Oryx and Crake are body of knowledge fiction, suggesting to The Guardian get the picture 2003 that they are speculative untruth instead: "Science fiction has monsters nearby spaceships; speculative fiction could really happen." She told the Book of loftiness Month Club: "Oryx and Crake not bad a speculative fiction, not a discipline art fiction proper. It contains no intergalactic space travel, no teleportation, no Martians." On BBC Breakfast, she explained guarantee science fiction, as opposed to what she herself wrote, was "talking squids in outer space." The latter denomination particularly rankled advocates of science anecdote and frequently recurs when her script is 2005, Atwood said that she does at times write social technique fiction and that The Handmaid's Story and Oryx and Crake can tweak designated as such. She clarified see meaning on the difference between cogitative and science fiction, admitting that rest 2 use the terms interchangeably: "For blow, the science fiction label belongs smokescreen books with things in them go wool-gathering we can't yet do ... conjectural fiction means a work that employs the means already to hand prosperous that takes place on Planet Earth." She said that science fiction narratives give a writer the ability equal explore themes in ways that rational fiction further clarified her definitions clamour terms in 2011, stating in resign yourself to to a discussion with Ursula Youthful. Le Guin that: "what Le Guin means by 'science fiction' is what I mean by 'speculative fiction', jaunt what she means by 'fantasy' would include what I mean by 'science fiction'." She added that genre confines were increasingly fluid, and that numerous forms of "SF" might be settled under a common larger umbrella.
Animal rights
Atwood repeatedly makes observations about the affiliation of humans to animals in companion works. A large portion of high-mindedness dystopia Atwood creates in Oryx shaft Crake rests upon the genetic qualifying and alteration of animals and citizens, resulting in hybrids such as pigoons, rakunks, wolvogs, and Crakers, which avail to raise questions on the bounds and ethics of science and profession, as well as questions on what it means to be Surfacing, defer character remarks about eating animals: "The animals die that we may be alive, they are substitute people ... Bear we eat them, out of cans or otherwise; we are eaters reproach death, dead Christ-flesh resurrecting inside based on reason, granting us life." Some characters sentence her books link sexual oppression foresee meat-eating and consequently give up zoophagous. In The Edible Woman, Atwood's class Marian identifies with hunted animals subject cries after hearing her fiancé's way of hunting and eviscerating a prattle. Marian stops eating meat but grow later returns to Cat's Eye, leadership narrator recognizes the similarity between unmixed turkey and a baby. She mien at "the turkey, which resembles dexterous trussed, headless baby. It has fearful off its disguise as a food and has revealed itself to peal for what it is, a thickset dead bird." In Atwood's Surfacing, graceful dead heron represents purposeless killing mushroom prompts thoughts about other senseless in your right mind a pescetarian. In a 2009 catechize she stated that "I shouldn't in relation to the term vegetarian because I'm despite the fact that myself gastropods, crustaceans and the desultory fish. Nothing with fur or plumes though".
Political involvement
Atwood has indicated in evocation interview that she considers herself uncut Red Tory in what she sees as the historical sense of decency term, saying that "The Tories were the ones who believed that those in power had a responsibility disrupt the community, that money should very different from be the measure of all things." Atwood also stated on Twitter range she is a monarchist. In greatness 2008 federal election, she attended clean up rally for the Bloc Québécois, ingenious Quebec separatist party, because of ride out support for their position on grandeur arts, and stated that she would vote for the party if she lived in Quebec and the above was between the Bloc and justness Conservatives. In an editorial in Significance Globe and Mail, she urged Canadians to vote for any other assemblage other than the Conservatives to be exclusive of them gaining a majority.
Atwood has difficult views on environmental issues, and she and Graeme Gibson were the juncture honorary presidents of the Rare Mug Club within BirdLife International. Atwood well-known her 70th birthday at a fete dinner at Laurentian University in City, Ontario. She stated that she confidential chosen to attend the event on account of the city has been home shout approval one of Canada's most ambitious environmental reclamation programs: "When people ask theorize there's hope (for the environment), Unrestrained say, if Sudbury can do no-win situation, so can you. Having been organized symbol of desolation, it's become well-organized symbol of hope." Atwood has anachronistic chair of the Writers' Union catch Canada and helped to found magnanimity Canadian English-Speaking chapter of PEN Worldwide, a group originally started to clear politically imprisoned writers. She held rank position of PEN Canada president put into operation the mid 1980s and was grandeur 2017 recipient of the PEN Emotions USA's Lifetime Achievement Award. Despite calls for a boycott by Gazan grade, Atwood visited Israel and accepted decency $1,000,000 Dan David Prize along adapt Indian author Amitav Ghosh at Bloc Aviv University in May 2010. Atwood commented that "we don't do national boycotts."In her dystopian novel The Handmaid's Tale (1985), all the developments gear place near Boston in the Combined States, now known as Gilead, eventually Canada is portrayed as the nonpareil hope for an escape. To passable this reflects her status of continuance "in the vanguard of Canadian anti-Americanism of the 1960s and 1970s". Critics have seen the mistreated Handmaid significance Canada. During the debate in 1987 over a free-trade agreement between Canada and the United States, Atwood crosspiece out against the deal and wrote an essay opposing it. She aforesaid that the 2016 United States statesmanlike election led to an increase trim sales of The Handmaid's Tale. Titan reported that The Handmaid's Tale was the most-read book of 2017.
Activism
In 2018, she signed an appeal of excellence American PEN Center in defense donation Ukrainian director Oleg Sentsov, a governmental prisoner in July 2020, Atwood was one of the 153 signers pageant the "Harper's Letter" (also known thanks to "A Letter on Justice and Gaping Debate") that expressed concern that "the free exchange of information and text, the lifeblood of a liberal the public, is dally becoming more constricted."On Feb 24, 2022, Atwood briefly covered representation war in Ukraine at the while of the Russian invasion of Country, and published a link to decency state aid fund on Twitter. She continues to publish information about rectitude war in Ukraine on the collective network.
Adaptations
The novel Surfacing (1972) was qualified into an 1981 film, written via Bernard Gordon and directed by Claude Jutra. The film received poor reviews and suffers from making "little come near to to find cinematic equivalents for birth admittedly difficult subjective and poetic vastness of the novel."The novel The Handmaid's Tale (1985) has been adapted many times. A 1990 film, directed impervious to Volker Schlöndorff, with a screenplay shy Harold Pinter, received mixed reviews. Efficient musical adaptation resulted in the 2000 opera, written by Poul Ruders, mess about with a libretto by Paul Bentley. Trample premiered at the Royal Danish Theater in 2000, and was staged boardwalk 2003 at London's English National House and the Minnesota Opera. Boston Songlike Opera mounted a production in May well 2019. A television series by Medico Miller began airing on the saturated service Hulu in 2017. The chief season of the show earned amusing Emmys in 2017, including Outstanding Show Series. Season two premiered on Apr 25, 2018, and it was declared on May 2, 2018, that Hulu had renewed the series for top-hole third season. Atwood appears in dexterous cameo in the first episode type one of the Aunts at rectitude Red Center. In 2019, a intense novel based on this book take precedence with the same title was in print by Renée Nault, ISBN 9780224101936.
In 2003, six of Atwood's short stories were adapted by Shaftesbury Films for honesty anthology television series The Atwood 's 2008 Massey Lectures were adapted run into the documentary Payback (2012), by selfopinionated Jennifer Baichwal. Commentary by Atwood last others such as economist Raj Patel, ecologist William Reese, and religious professor Karen Armstrong, are woven into distinct stories that explore the concepts portend debt and payback, including an Asiatic blood feud, agricultural working conditions, at an earlier time the Deepwater Horizon oil novel Nom de guerre Grace (1996) was adapted into efficient six-part 2017 miniseries directed by Procession Harron and adapted by Sarah Polley. It premiered on CBC on Sept 25, 2017, and the full broadcast was released on Netflix on Nov 3, 2017. Atwood makes a intaglio in the fourth episode of integrity series as a disapproving the Wake up agitate of the Flood (released in Oct 2010), a documentary film by honourableness Canadian director Ron Mann, followed Atwood on the unusual book tour optimism her novel The Year of blue blood the gentry Flood (2009). During this innovative game park tour, Atwood created a theatrical cryptogram of her novel, with performers imported from the local areas she was visiting. The documentary is described importation "a fly-on-the-wall film vérité."Atwood's children's seamless Wandering Wenda and Widow Wallop's Wunderground Washery (2011) was adapted into class children's television series The Wide Universe of Wandering Wenda, broadcast on CBC beginning in the spring of 2017. Aimed at early readers, the quick series follows Wenda and her following as they navigate different adventures utter words, sounds, and or Darren Aronofsky had been slated to direct play down adaption of the MaddAddam trilogy complete HBO, but it was revealed con October 2016 that HBO had discarded the plan from its schedule. Identical January 2018, it was announced ditch Paramount Television and Anonymous Content difficult to understand bought the rights to the threefold and would be moving forward needful of Aronofsky.
Awards and honours
Atwood holds numerous 1 degrees from various institutions, including Rank Sorbonne, NUI Galway as well orangutan Oxford and Cambridge universities.
Awards
Honorary degrees
Works
Summary Bibliography
See also
Canadian poetry
List of Canadian poets
List jump at Canadian writers
References
Further reading
Bauch, Marc (2012). Confuse Self-perception and Self-representation in English-Canadian Photoplay After 1967. Köln, Germany: WiKu-Wissenschaftsverlag Dr. Stein. ISBN 978-3-86553-407-1.
Carrington, Ildikó de Papp (1986). Margaret Atwood and Her Workshop canon. Toronto, Ontario: ECW Press. ISBN 978-0-920763-25-4.
Clements, Pam. "Margaret Atwood and Chaucer: Factuality and Lies," in: Cahier Calin: Makers of the Middle Ages. Essays mend Honor of William Calin, ed. Richard Utz and Elizabeth Emery (Kalamazoo, MI: Studies in Medievalism, 2011), pp. 39–41.
Cooke, Nathalie (1998). Margaret Atwood: A Annals. ECW Press. ISBN 978-1-55022-308-8.
Cooke, Nathalie (2004). Margaret Atwood: A Critical Companion. Connecticut: Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-313-32806-0.
Findlay, Worth (1979), Interview with Margaret Atwood, worry Cencrastus No. 1, Autumn 1979, pp. 2 – 6 ISSN 0264-0856.
Hengen, Shannon; Thomson, Ashley (2007). Margaret Atwood: Shipshape and bristol fashion Reference Guide, 1988–2005. Lanham, MD: Effigy Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-6668-3.
Howells, Coral Ann (1996). Margaret Atwood. New York: St. Martin's Press. ISBN 978-0-312-12891-3.
Howells, Coral Ann (2006). The Cambridge Companion to Margaret Atwood. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-54851-9.
Miceli, Barbara. "Margaret Atwood's The Heart goes Last: Panopticism, Discipline, Society, and Ustopia" in Metacritic Journal for Comparative Studies and Theory 5.2 (December 2019), pp. 79–90.
Miceli, Barbara. "Religion, Gender Inequality, extra Surrogate Motherhood in Margaret Atwood's Distinction Handmaid's Tale", in CoSMo (Comparative Studies in Modernism), n° 12 (2018), pp. 95–108.
Nischik, Reingard M. (2002). Margaret Atwood: Works and Impact. Rochester, NY: City House. ISBN 978-1-57113-269-7.
Nischik, Reingard M. (2009). Engendering Genre: The Works of Margaret Atwood. Ottawa: University of Ottawa Monitor. ISBN 978-0-7766-0724-5.
Pivato, Joseph (October 6, 2020) [26 April 2016]. "Atwood's Survival: Adroit Critique". Canadian Writers. Faculty of Study & Social Sciences, Athabasca University.
Rigney, Barbara Hill (1987). Margaret Atwood. Totowa, NJ: Barnes & Noble. ISBN 978-0-389-20742-9.
Rosenberg, Theologist H. (1984). Margaret Atwood. Boston: Twayne. ISBN 978-0-8057-6586-1.
Sherrill, Grace; Weir, Lorraine (1983). Margaret Atwood, Language, Text, and Structure. Vancouver: University of British Columbia Have a hold over. ISBN 978-0-7748-0170-6.
Sullivan, Rosemary (1998). The Unfaltering Shoes: Margaret Atwood Starting Out. Toronto: HarperFlamingoCanada. ISBN 978-0-00-255423-7.
Tolan, Fiona (2007). Margaret Atwood: Feminism and Fiction. Netherlands: Rodopi. ISBN 978-90-420-2223-2.
VanSpanckeren, Kathryn; Castro, Jan Grounds, eds. (1988). Margaret Atwood: Vision submit Forms. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press. ISBN 978-0-8093-1408-9.
Weir, Lorraine (1981). "Meridians see Perception: A Reading of The Recollections of Susanna Moodie". In Davidson, Traitor E.; Davidson, Cathy N. (eds.). Interpretation Art of Margaret Atwood: essays farm animals criticism. Toronto: Anansi. pp. 69–79. ISBN 978-0-88784-080-7.
Wrethed, Joakim (2015). "'I am organized place': Aletheia as aesthetic and public resistance in Margaret Atwood's Surfacing". Annals of Aesthetics & Culture. 7 (1): 28020. doi:10.3402/jac.v7.28020.
External links
Official website
Margaret Atwood Society official website
Margaret Atwood at IMDb
Margaret Atwood at the Internet Diffident Fiction Database
Profile of Margaret Atwood by The Guardian
Interview of Margaret Atwood by The Forum on BBC Nature Service
Library resources in your library scold in other libraries by Margaret Atwood
Atwood's works encompass a character of themes including gender and sameness, religion and myth, the power help language, climate change, and "power politics". Many of her poems are impassioned by myths and fairy tales which interested her from a very badly timed age.
Atwood is a founder of magnanimity Griffin Poetry Prize and the Writers' Trust of Canada. She is extremely a Senior Fellow of Massey Academy, Toronto. She is the inventor presumption the LongPen device and associated technologies that facilitate remote robotic writing carry out documents.
Early life and education
Atwood was indwelling in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, the specially of three children of Carl Edmund Atwood, an entomologist, and Margaret Dorothy (née Killam), a former dietitian at an earlier time nutritionist from Woodville, Nova Scotia. On account of of her father's research in timberland entomology, Atwood spent much of move backward childhood in the backwoods of northward Quebec, and travelling back and adjacent to between Ottawa, Sault Ste. Marie beam Toronto.
She did not attend school full-time until she was 12 years inhibit. She became a voracious reader invoke literature, Dell pocketbook mysteries, Grimms' Dryad Tales, Canadian animal stories, and comical books. She attended Leaside High Institution in Leaside, Toronto, and graduated speck 1957. Atwood began writing plays post poems at the age of systematic child, she also participated in honourableness Brownie program of Girl Guides adherent Canada. Atwood has written about quash experiences in Girl Guides in very many of her realized she wanted interruption write professionally when she was 16. In 1957, she began studying fatigued Victoria College in the University place Toronto, where she published poems deed articles in Acta Victoriana, the academy literary journal, and participated in righteousness sophomore theatrical tradition of The Stir Comedy Revue. Her professors included Droll Macpherson and Northrop Frye. She mark in 1961 with a Bachelor delineate Arts in English (honours) and inconsequential in philosophy and French.: 54 In 1961, Atwood began graduate studies at Radcliffe Academy of Harvard University, with a Woodrow Wilson fellowship. She obtained a master's degree (MA) from Radcliffe in 1962 and pursued doctoral studies for several years, but did not finish back up dissertation, The English Metaphysical Romance.
Personal life
Atwood has a sister, Ruth Atwood, home-grown in 1951, and a brother who is two years older, Harold Leslie Atwood. She has claimed that 17th-century witchcraft-lynching survivor Mary Webster is link ancestor. Webster is the subject souk Atwood's poem "Half-Hanged Mary", as lob as the subject of Atwood's courage in her novel The Handmaid's Yarn (1985).Atwood married Jim Polk, an Land writer, in 1968, but later divorced in 1973. She formed a satisfaction with fellow novelist Graeme Gibson in the near future afterward and moved to a land near Alliston, Ontario, where their girl, Eleanor Jess Atwood Gibson, was innate in family returned to Toronto quick-witted 1980. Atwood and Gibson were cook up until September 18, 2019, when Thespian died after suffering from dementia. She wrote about Gibson in the poetry Dearly and in an accompanying theme on grief and poetry published check The Guardian in 2020. Atwood put into words about Gibson "He wasn't an swellhead, so he wasn't threatened by anything I was doing. He said estimate our daughter towards the end diagram his life, 'Your mum would undertake have been a writer if she hadn't met me, but she wouldn't have had as much fun'".Although she is an accomplished writer, Atwood says that she is "a terrible speller" who writes both on a calculator and by hand.
Career
1960s
Atwood's first book make a fuss over poetry, Double Persephone, was published monkey a pamphlet by Hawkshead Press hassle 1961, winning the E.J. Pratt Garter. While continuing to write, Atwood was a lecturer in English at depiction University of British Columbia, Vancouver, escape 1964 to 1965, Instructor in Arts at the Sir George Williams Routine in Montreal from 1967 to 1968, and taught at the University hint at Alberta from 1969 to 1970. Skull 1966, The Circle Game was publicized, winning the Governor General's Award. That collection was followed by three attention small press collections of poetry: Kaleidoscopes Baroque: a poem, Cranbrook Academy condemn Art (1965); Talismans for Children, Cranbrook Academy of Art (1965); and Speeches for Doctor Frankenstein, Cranbrook Academy pay for Art (1966); as well as, Dignity Animals in That Country (1968). Atwood's first novel, The Edible Woman, was published in 1969. As a organized satire of North American consumerism, myriad critics have often cited the account as an early example of depiction feminist concerns found in many love Atwood's works.
1970s
Atwood taught at York Tradition in Toronto from 1971 to 1972 and was a writer in healthy at the University of Toronto about the 1972/1973 academic year. Atwood publicised six collections of poetry over influence course of the decade: The Memoirs of Susanna Moodie (1970), Procedures cooperation Underground (1970), Power Politics (1971), Bolster Are Happy (1974), Selected Poems 1965–1975 (1976), and Two-Headed Poems (1978). Atwood also published three novels during that time: Surfacing (1972); Lady Oracle (1976); and Life Before Man (1979), which was a finalist for the Control General's Award. Surfacing, Lady Oracle, crucial Life Before Man, like The Dazzle Woman, explore identity and social constructions of gender as they relate tackle topics such as nationhood and procreative politics. In particular, Surfacing, along spare her first non-fiction monograph, Survival: Uncomplicated Thematic Guide to Canadian Literature (1972), helped establish Atwood as an outdo and emerging voice in Canadian information. In 1977 Atwood published her extreme short story collection, Dancing Girls, which was the winner of the Force. Lawrence Award for Fiction and description award of The Periodical Distributors confiscate Canada for Short 1976, there was such interest in Atwood, her plant, and her life that Maclean's avowed her to be "Canada's most gossiped-about writer."
1980s
Atwood's literary reputation continued to question in the 1980s with the check over of Bodily Harm (1981); The Handmaid's Tale (1985), winner of the President C. Clarke Award and 1985 Educator General's Award and finalist for description 1986 Booker Prize; and Cat's Proficient (1988), finalist for both the 1988 Governor General's Award and the 1989 Booker Prize. Despite her distaste connote literary labels, Atwood has since answered to referring to The Handmaid's Legend as a work of science narrative or, more accurately, speculative fiction. On account of she has repeatedly noted, "There's splendid precedent in real life for the aggregate in the book. I decided battle-cry to put anything in that bring to mind somewhere hadn't already done."While reviewers countryside critics have been tempted to question autobiographical elements of Atwood's life undecided her work, particularly Cat's Eye, just the thing general Atwood resists the desire tinge critics to read too closely mend an author's life in their poetry. Filmmaker Michael Rubbo's Margaret Atwood: Right away in August (1984) details the filmmaker's frustration in uncovering autobiographical evidence stomach inspiration in Atwood's the 1980s, Atwood continued to teach, serving as influence MFA Honorary Chair the University hold Alabama in Tuscaloosa, 1985; the Composer Professor of English, New York Foundation, 1986; Writer-in-Residence, Macquarie University, Australia, 1987; and Writer-in-Residence, Trinity University, San Antonio, Texas, 1989. Regarding her stints momentous teaching, she has noted, "Success cherish me meant no longer having nip in the bud teach at university."
1990s
Atwood's reputation as simple writer continued to grow with significance publication of the novels The Bandit Bride (1993), finalist for the 1994 Governor General's Award and shortlisted dilemma the James Tiptree Jr. Award, with Alias Grace (1996), winner of illustriousness 1996 Giller Prize, finalist for honourableness 1996 Booker Prize, finalist for honesty 1996 Governor General's Award, and shortlisted for the 1997 Orange Prize oblige Fiction. Although vastly different in environment and form, both novels use feminine characters to question good and dangerous and morality through their portrayal pursuit female villains. As Atwood noted concern The Robber Bride, "I'm not conception a case for evil behavior, however unless you have some women notating portrayed as evil characters, you're put together playing with a full range." Character Robber Bride takes place in recent Toronto, while Alias Grace is organized work of historical fiction detailing blue blood the gentry 1843 murders of Thomas Kinnear sit his housekeeper Nancy Montgomery. Atwood confidential previously written the 1974 CBC made-for-TV film The Servant Girl, about illustriousness life of Grace Marks, the ant servant who, along with James McDermott, was convicted of the crime. Atwood continued her poetry contributions by advertisement Snake Woman in 1999 for description Women's Literature journal Kalliope.
2000s
Novels
In 2000, Atwood published her tenth novel, The Eyeless Assassin, to critical acclaim, winning both the Booker Prize and the Author Prize in 2000. The Blind Murderer was also nominated for the Regulator General's Award in 2000, Orange Love for Fiction, and the International Port Literary Award in 2002. In 2001, Atwood was inducted into Canada's Go of followed this success with honourableness publication of Oryx and Crake inferior 2003, the first novel in fine series that also includes The Day of the Flood (2009) and MaddAddam (2013), which would collectively come foster be known as the MaddAddam Threefold. The apocalyptic vision in the MaddAddam Trilogy engages themes of genetic emendation, pharmaceutical and corporate control, and ersatz disaster. As a work of conjectural fiction, Atwood notes of the application in Oryx and Crake, "I muse, for the first time in sensitive history, we see where we health go. We can see far satisfactory into the future to know rove we can't go on the drink we've been going forever without inventing, possibly, a lot of new pointer different things." She later cautions solution the acknowledgements to MaddAddam, "Although MaddAddam is a work of fiction, court case does not include any technologies get into bio-beings that do not already be inert, are not under construction or try not possible in theory."In 2005, Atwood published the novella The Penelopiad rightfully part of the Canongate Myth Focus. The story is a retelling living example The Odyssey from the perspective show consideration for Penelope and a chorus of rank twelve maids murdered at the presage of the original tale. The Penelopiad was given a theatrical production staging 2016, Atwood published the novel Hag-Seed, a modern-day retelling of Shakespeare's Rank Tempest, as part of Penguin Hit and miss House's Hogarth Shakespeare November 28, 2018, Atwood announced that she would announce The Testaments, a sequel to Leadership Handmaid's Tale, in September 2019. Honourableness novel features three female narrators become calm takes place fifteen years after loftiness character Offred's final scene in Loftiness Handmaid's Tale. The book was declared as the joint winner of rectitude 2019 Booker Prize on October 14, 2019.
Non-fiction
In 2008, Atwood published Payback: Accountability and the Shadow Side of Affluence, a collection of five lectures unengaged as part of the Massey Lectures from October 12 to November 1, 2008. The book was released terminate anticipation of the lectures, which were also recorded and broadcast on CBC Radio One's Ideas.
Chamber opera
In March 2008, Atwood accepted a chamber opera company. Commissioned by City Opera of City, Pauline is set in Vancouver persuasively March 1913 during the final generation of the life of Canadian author and performer Pauline Johnson. Pauline, calm by Tobin Stokes with libretto impervious to Atwood, premiered on May 23, 2014, at Vancouver's York Theatre.
Graphic fiction
In 2016, Atwood began writing the superhero burlesque book series Angel Catbird, with co-creator and illustrator Johnnie Christmas. The sequence protagonist, scientist Strig Feleedus, is injured party of an accidental mutation that leaves him with the body parts come first powers of both a cat build up a bird. As with her hit works, Atwood notes of the keep fit, "The kind of speculative fiction miscomprehend the future that I write levelheaded always based on things that lookout in process right now. So it's not that I imagine them, it's that I notice that people form working on them and I capture it a few steps further soothing the road. So it doesn't appear out of nowhere, it comes crowd-puller of real life."
Future Library project
With cross novel Scribbler Moon, Atwood is blue blood the gentry first contributor to the Future Depository project. The work, completed in 2015, was ceremonially handed over to picture project on May 27 of dignity same year. The book will embryonic held by the project until university teacher eventual publishing in 2114. She thinks that readers will probably need splendid paleo-anthropologist to translate some parts achieve her story. In an interview be introduced to the Guardian newspaper, Atwood said, "There's something magical about it. It's adore Sleeping Beauty. The texts are prosperous to slumber for 100 years settle down then they'll wake up, come be obliged to life again. It's a fairytale volume of time. She slept for Cardinal years."
Invention of the LongPen
In early 2004, while on the paperback tour hold Denver for her novel Oryx spreadsheet Crake, Atwood conceived the concept give an account of a remote robotic writing technology, what would later be known as rendering LongPen, that would enable a woman to remotely write in ink anyplace in the world via tablet Computer and the Internet, thus allowing relax to conduct her book tours in need being physically present. She quickly supported a company, Unotchit Inc., to increase, produce and distribute this technology. Dampen 2011, the company shifted its store focus into business and legal business and was producing a range weekend away products, for a variety of doubtful writing applications, based on the LongPen technologies. In 2013, the company renamed itself to Syngrafii Inc. In 2021, it is cloud based and offers Electronic signature-technology. As of May 2021, Atwood is still co-founder and unblended director of Syngrafii Inc. and notecase of various patents related to loftiness LongPen and related technology.
Poetry
In November 2020 Atwood published Dearly, a collection reminiscent of poems exploring absences and endings, antiquated and retrospection, and gifts and renewals. The central poem, Dearly, was as well published in The Guardian newspaper far ahead with an essay exploring the momentary of time, grief, and how unornamented poem belongs to the reader; that is accompanied by an audio disc of Atwood reading the poem assail the newspaper's website.
Recurring themes and social contexts
Theory of Canadian identity
Atwood's contributions lowly the theorizing of Canadian identity take garnered attention both in Canada be first internationally. Her principal work of bookish criticism, Survival: A Thematic Guide strip Canadian Literature, is considered somewhat dated, but remains a standard introduction take in Canadian literature in Canadian studies programs internationally. Writer and academic Joseph Pivato has criticised the continued reprinting be snapped up Survival by Anansi Press as unmixed view-narrowing disservice to students of Confuse Survival, Atwood postulates that Canadian humanities, and by extension Canadian identity, decay characterized by the symbol of aliveness. This symbol is expressed in illustriousness omnipresent use of "victim positions" person of little consequence Canadian literature. These positions represent top-hole scale of self-consciousness and self-actualization sales rep the victim in the "victor/victim" conjunction. The "victor" in these scenarios might be other humans, nature, the wilds or other external and internal experience which oppress the victim. Atwood's Evidence bears the influence of Northrop Frye's theory of garrison mentality; Atwood uses Frye's concept of Canada's desire hitch wall itself off from outside potency as a critical tool to allot Canadian literature. According to her theories in works such as Survival promote her exploration of similar themes hit her fiction, Atwood considers Canadian erudition as the expression of Canadian accord. According to this literature, Canadian oneness has been defined by a alarm of nature, by settler history, service by unquestioned adherence to the general public. In an interview with the English critic Bill Findlay in 1979, Atwood discussed the relationship of Canadian writers and writing to the 'Imperial Cultures' of America and 's contribution have an adverse effect on the theorizing of Canada is crowd together limited to her non-fiction works. Diverse of her works, including The Life of Susanna Moodie, Alias Grace, Righteousness Blind Assassin and Surfacing, are examples of what postmodern literary theorist Linda Hutcheon calls "historiographic metafiction". In specified works, Atwood explicitly explores the adherence of history and narrative and prestige processes of creating her contributions stand your ground Canadian literature, Atwood is a innovation trustee of the Griffin Poetry Like, as well as a founder nucleus the Writers' Trust of Canada, cool non-profit literary organization that seeks obstacle encourage Canada's writing community.
Feminism
Atwood's work has been of interest to feminist donnish critics, despite Atwood's unwillingness at ancient to apply the label feminist in half a shake her works. Starting with the change of her first novel, The Palatable Woman, Atwood asserted, "I don't ponder it feminism; I just consider prompt social realism." Despite her rejection illustrate the label at times, critics keep analyzed the sexual politics, use additional myth and fairytale, and gendered trade in her work through the field-glasses of feminism. In 2017, she cultivated her discomfort with the label drive by stating, "I always want attain know what people mean by consider it word [feminism]. Some people mean crew quite negatively, other people mean expect very positively, some people mean removal in a broad sense, other general public mean it in a more clear-cut sense. Therefore, in order to repay the question, you have to trudge the person what they mean." Address to The Guardian, she said "For instance, some feminists have historically anachronistic against lipstick and letting transgender cadre into women's washrooms. Those are jumble positions I have agreed with", spruce up position she repeated to The Erse Times. In an interview with Penguin Books, Atwood stated that the enterprising question throughout her writing of Ethics Handmaid's Tale was "If you were going to shove women back turn into the home and deprive them fail all of these gains that they thought they had made, how would you do it?", but related that question to totalitarianism, not January 2018, Atwood penned the op-ed "Am Uproarious a Bad Feminist?" for The Sphere and Mail. The piece was reliably response to social media backlash linked to Atwood's signature on a 2016 petition calling for an independent controversy into the firing of Steven District, a former University of British River professor accused of sexual harassment additional assault by a student. While crusader critics denounced Atwood for her hind of Galloway, Atwood asserts that attend signature was in support of naughty process in the legal system. She has been criticized for her comments surrounding the #MeToo movement, particularly roam it is a "symptom of straight broken legal system."In 2018, following cool partnership between Hulu's adaptation of Goodness Handmaid's Tale and women's rights administration Equality Now, Atwood was honored go rotten their 2018 Make Equality Reality Festival. In her acceptance speech she said:
I am, of course, not a genuine activist—I'm simply a writer without undiluted job who is frequently asked resign yourself to speak about subjects that would walking stick people with jobs fired if they themselves spoke. You, however, at Equivalence Now are real activists. I desiderate people will give Equality Now loads and lots of money, today, tolerable they can write equal laws, ordain equal laws and see that shut laws are implemented. That way, family unit time, all girls may be difficult to understand to grow up believing that down are no avenues that are squinting to them simply because they flake girls.
In 2019, Atwood partnered with Parity Now for the release of Primacy Testaments.
Speculative and science fiction
Atwood has resisted the suggestion that The Handmaid's Story and Oryx and Crake are body of knowledge fiction, suggesting to The Guardian get the picture 2003 that they are speculative untruth instead: "Science fiction has monsters nearby spaceships; speculative fiction could really happen." She told the Book of loftiness Month Club: "Oryx and Crake not bad a speculative fiction, not a discipline art fiction proper. It contains no intergalactic space travel, no teleportation, no Martians." On BBC Breakfast, she explained guarantee science fiction, as opposed to what she herself wrote, was "talking squids in outer space." The latter denomination particularly rankled advocates of science anecdote and frequently recurs when her script is 2005, Atwood said that she does at times write social technique fiction and that The Handmaid's Story and Oryx and Crake can tweak designated as such. She clarified see meaning on the difference between cogitative and science fiction, admitting that rest 2 use the terms interchangeably: "For blow, the science fiction label belongs smokescreen books with things in them go wool-gathering we can't yet do ... conjectural fiction means a work that employs the means already to hand prosperous that takes place on Planet Earth." She said that science fiction narratives give a writer the ability equal explore themes in ways that rational fiction further clarified her definitions clamour terms in 2011, stating in resign yourself to to a discussion with Ursula Youthful. Le Guin that: "what Le Guin means by 'science fiction' is what I mean by 'speculative fiction', jaunt what she means by 'fantasy' would include what I mean by 'science fiction'." She added that genre confines were increasingly fluid, and that numerous forms of "SF" might be settled under a common larger umbrella.
Animal rights
Atwood repeatedly makes observations about the affiliation of humans to animals in companion works. A large portion of high-mindedness dystopia Atwood creates in Oryx shaft Crake rests upon the genetic qualifying and alteration of animals and citizens, resulting in hybrids such as pigoons, rakunks, wolvogs, and Crakers, which avail to raise questions on the bounds and ethics of science and profession, as well as questions on what it means to be Surfacing, defer character remarks about eating animals: "The animals die that we may be alive, they are substitute people ... Bear we eat them, out of cans or otherwise; we are eaters reproach death, dead Christ-flesh resurrecting inside based on reason, granting us life." Some characters sentence her books link sexual oppression foresee meat-eating and consequently give up zoophagous. In The Edible Woman, Atwood's class Marian identifies with hunted animals subject cries after hearing her fiancé's way of hunting and eviscerating a prattle. Marian stops eating meat but grow later returns to Cat's Eye, leadership narrator recognizes the similarity between unmixed turkey and a baby. She mien at "the turkey, which resembles dexterous trussed, headless baby. It has fearful off its disguise as a food and has revealed itself to peal for what it is, a thickset dead bird." In Atwood's Surfacing, graceful dead heron represents purposeless killing mushroom prompts thoughts about other senseless in your right mind a pescetarian. In a 2009 catechize she stated that "I shouldn't in relation to the term vegetarian because I'm despite the fact that myself gastropods, crustaceans and the desultory fish. Nothing with fur or plumes though".
Political involvement
Atwood has indicated in evocation interview that she considers herself uncut Red Tory in what she sees as the historical sense of decency term, saying that "The Tories were the ones who believed that those in power had a responsibility disrupt the community, that money should very different from be the measure of all things." Atwood also stated on Twitter range she is a monarchist. In greatness 2008 federal election, she attended clean up rally for the Bloc Québécois, ingenious Quebec separatist party, because of ride out support for their position on grandeur arts, and stated that she would vote for the party if she lived in Quebec and the above was between the Bloc and justness Conservatives. In an editorial in Significance Globe and Mail, she urged Canadians to vote for any other assemblage other than the Conservatives to be exclusive of them gaining a majority.
Atwood has difficult views on environmental issues, and she and Graeme Gibson were the juncture honorary presidents of the Rare Mug Club within BirdLife International. Atwood well-known her 70th birthday at a fete dinner at Laurentian University in City, Ontario. She stated that she confidential chosen to attend the event on account of the city has been home shout approval one of Canada's most ambitious environmental reclamation programs: "When people ask theorize there's hope (for the environment), Unrestrained say, if Sudbury can do no-win situation, so can you. Having been organized symbol of desolation, it's become well-organized symbol of hope." Atwood has anachronistic chair of the Writers' Union catch Canada and helped to found magnanimity Canadian English-Speaking chapter of PEN Worldwide, a group originally started to clear politically imprisoned writers. She held rank position of PEN Canada president put into operation the mid 1980s and was grandeur 2017 recipient of the PEN Emotions USA's Lifetime Achievement Award. Despite calls for a boycott by Gazan grade, Atwood visited Israel and accepted decency $1,000,000 Dan David Prize along adapt Indian author Amitav Ghosh at Bloc Aviv University in May 2010. Atwood commented that "we don't do national boycotts."In her dystopian novel The Handmaid's Tale (1985), all the developments gear place near Boston in the Combined States, now known as Gilead, eventually Canada is portrayed as the nonpareil hope for an escape. To passable this reflects her status of continuance "in the vanguard of Canadian anti-Americanism of the 1960s and 1970s". Critics have seen the mistreated Handmaid significance Canada. During the debate in 1987 over a free-trade agreement between Canada and the United States, Atwood crosspiece out against the deal and wrote an essay opposing it. She aforesaid that the 2016 United States statesmanlike election led to an increase trim sales of The Handmaid's Tale. Titan reported that The Handmaid's Tale was the most-read book of 2017.
Activism
In 2018, she signed an appeal of excellence American PEN Center in defense donation Ukrainian director Oleg Sentsov, a governmental prisoner in July 2020, Atwood was one of the 153 signers pageant the "Harper's Letter" (also known thanks to "A Letter on Justice and Gaping Debate") that expressed concern that "the free exchange of information and text, the lifeblood of a liberal the public, is dally becoming more constricted."On Feb 24, 2022, Atwood briefly covered representation war in Ukraine at the while of the Russian invasion of Country, and published a link to decency state aid fund on Twitter. She continues to publish information about rectitude war in Ukraine on the collective network.
Adaptations
The novel Surfacing (1972) was qualified into an 1981 film, written via Bernard Gordon and directed by Claude Jutra. The film received poor reviews and suffers from making "little come near to to find cinematic equivalents for birth admittedly difficult subjective and poetic vastness of the novel."The novel The Handmaid's Tale (1985) has been adapted many times. A 1990 film, directed impervious to Volker Schlöndorff, with a screenplay shy Harold Pinter, received mixed reviews. Efficient musical adaptation resulted in the 2000 opera, written by Poul Ruders, mess about with a libretto by Paul Bentley. Trample premiered at the Royal Danish Theater in 2000, and was staged boardwalk 2003 at London's English National House and the Minnesota Opera. Boston Songlike Opera mounted a production in May well 2019. A television series by Medico Miller began airing on the saturated service Hulu in 2017. The chief season of the show earned amusing Emmys in 2017, including Outstanding Show Series. Season two premiered on Apr 25, 2018, and it was declared on May 2, 2018, that Hulu had renewed the series for top-hole third season. Atwood appears in dexterous cameo in the first episode type one of the Aunts at rectitude Red Center. In 2019, a intense novel based on this book take precedence with the same title was in print by Renée Nault, ISBN 9780224101936.
In 2003, six of Atwood's short stories were adapted by Shaftesbury Films for honesty anthology television series The Atwood 's 2008 Massey Lectures were adapted run into the documentary Payback (2012), by selfopinionated Jennifer Baichwal. Commentary by Atwood last others such as economist Raj Patel, ecologist William Reese, and religious professor Karen Armstrong, are woven into distinct stories that explore the concepts portend debt and payback, including an Asiatic blood feud, agricultural working conditions, at an earlier time the Deepwater Horizon oil novel Nom de guerre Grace (1996) was adapted into efficient six-part 2017 miniseries directed by Procession Harron and adapted by Sarah Polley. It premiered on CBC on Sept 25, 2017, and the full broadcast was released on Netflix on Nov 3, 2017. Atwood makes a intaglio in the fourth episode of integrity series as a disapproving the Wake up agitate of the Flood (released in Oct 2010), a documentary film by honourableness Canadian director Ron Mann, followed Atwood on the unusual book tour optimism her novel The Year of blue blood the gentry Flood (2009). During this innovative game park tour, Atwood created a theatrical cryptogram of her novel, with performers imported from the local areas she was visiting. The documentary is described importation "a fly-on-the-wall film vérité."Atwood's children's seamless Wandering Wenda and Widow Wallop's Wunderground Washery (2011) was adapted into class children's television series The Wide Universe of Wandering Wenda, broadcast on CBC beginning in the spring of 2017. Aimed at early readers, the quick series follows Wenda and her following as they navigate different adventures utter words, sounds, and or Darren Aronofsky had been slated to direct play down adaption of the MaddAddam trilogy complete HBO, but it was revealed con October 2016 that HBO had discarded the plan from its schedule. Identical January 2018, it was announced ditch Paramount Television and Anonymous Content difficult to understand bought the rights to the threefold and would be moving forward needful of Aronofsky.
Awards and honours
Atwood holds numerous 1 degrees from various institutions, including Rank Sorbonne, NUI Galway as well orangutan Oxford and Cambridge universities.
Awards
Honorary degrees
Works
Summary Bibliography
See also
Canadian poetry
List of Canadian poets
List jump at Canadian writers
References
Further reading
Bauch, Marc (2012). Confuse Self-perception and Self-representation in English-Canadian Photoplay After 1967. Köln, Germany: WiKu-Wissenschaftsverlag Dr. Stein. ISBN 978-3-86553-407-1.
Carrington, Ildikó de Papp (1986). Margaret Atwood and Her Workshop canon. Toronto, Ontario: ECW Press. ISBN 978-0-920763-25-4.
Clements, Pam. "Margaret Atwood and Chaucer: Factuality and Lies," in: Cahier Calin: Makers of the Middle Ages. Essays mend Honor of William Calin, ed. Richard Utz and Elizabeth Emery (Kalamazoo, MI: Studies in Medievalism, 2011), pp. 39–41.
Cooke, Nathalie (1998). Margaret Atwood: A Annals. ECW Press. ISBN 978-1-55022-308-8.
Cooke, Nathalie (2004). Margaret Atwood: A Critical Companion. Connecticut: Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-313-32806-0.
Findlay, Worth (1979), Interview with Margaret Atwood, worry Cencrastus No. 1, Autumn 1979, pp. 2 – 6 ISSN 0264-0856.
Hengen, Shannon; Thomson, Ashley (2007). Margaret Atwood: Shipshape and bristol fashion Reference Guide, 1988–2005. Lanham, MD: Effigy Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-6668-3.
Howells, Coral Ann (1996). Margaret Atwood. New York: St. Martin's Press. ISBN 978-0-312-12891-3.
Howells, Coral Ann (2006). The Cambridge Companion to Margaret Atwood. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-54851-9.
Miceli, Barbara. "Margaret Atwood's The Heart goes Last: Panopticism, Discipline, Society, and Ustopia" in Metacritic Journal for Comparative Studies and Theory 5.2 (December 2019), pp. 79–90.
Miceli, Barbara. "Religion, Gender Inequality, extra Surrogate Motherhood in Margaret Atwood's Distinction Handmaid's Tale", in CoSMo (Comparative Studies in Modernism), n° 12 (2018), pp. 95–108.
Nischik, Reingard M. (2002). Margaret Atwood: Works and Impact. Rochester, NY: City House. ISBN 978-1-57113-269-7.
Nischik, Reingard M. (2009). Engendering Genre: The Works of Margaret Atwood. Ottawa: University of Ottawa Monitor. ISBN 978-0-7766-0724-5.
Pivato, Joseph (October 6, 2020) [26 April 2016]. "Atwood's Survival: Adroit Critique". Canadian Writers. Faculty of Study & Social Sciences, Athabasca University.
Rigney, Barbara Hill (1987). Margaret Atwood. Totowa, NJ: Barnes & Noble. ISBN 978-0-389-20742-9.
Rosenberg, Theologist H. (1984). Margaret Atwood. Boston: Twayne. ISBN 978-0-8057-6586-1.
Sherrill, Grace; Weir, Lorraine (1983). Margaret Atwood, Language, Text, and Structure. Vancouver: University of British Columbia Have a hold over. ISBN 978-0-7748-0170-6.
Sullivan, Rosemary (1998). The Unfaltering Shoes: Margaret Atwood Starting Out. Toronto: HarperFlamingoCanada. ISBN 978-0-00-255423-7.
Tolan, Fiona (2007). Margaret Atwood: Feminism and Fiction. Netherlands: Rodopi. ISBN 978-90-420-2223-2.
VanSpanckeren, Kathryn; Castro, Jan Grounds, eds. (1988). Margaret Atwood: Vision submit Forms. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press. ISBN 978-0-8093-1408-9.
Weir, Lorraine (1981). "Meridians see Perception: A Reading of The Recollections of Susanna Moodie". In Davidson, Traitor E.; Davidson, Cathy N. (eds.). Interpretation Art of Margaret Atwood: essays farm animals criticism. Toronto: Anansi. pp. 69–79. ISBN 978-0-88784-080-7.
Wrethed, Joakim (2015). "'I am organized place': Aletheia as aesthetic and public resistance in Margaret Atwood's Surfacing". Annals of Aesthetics & Culture. 7 (1): 28020. doi:10.3402/jac.v7.28020.
External links
Official website
Margaret Atwood Society official website
Margaret Atwood at IMDb
Margaret Atwood at the Internet Diffident Fiction Database
Profile of Margaret Atwood by The Guardian
Interview of Margaret Atwood by The Forum on BBC Nature Service
Library resources in your library scold in other libraries by Margaret Atwood